AshigrainColour negative · 2000–2005
Konica Centuria Super 1600
Konica's ISO 1600 for everyday low light.
Low light without flash on a 1600-speed consumer negative: usable colour in street light, with the visible grain that speed brings. Original vs Ashigrain.
At a glance
- Exposure index
- 1600
- Daylight
- Introduced
- 2002
- Discontinued
- Process
- C-41
- Prints on
- Scan
About the film
Konica presented its Centuria Super series, from ISO 100 to 1600, at the Photo Marketing Association show in February 2002 and launched it worldwide the next month, with Centuria Super 1600 as its fastest film.
Konica's engineers wrote that the ISO 1600 films of the 1980s had put speed first, fallen short on image quality and ease of use, and stayed in press and sports work. Their aim was an ultra-high-speed film for everyday consumers, and the data sheet names low light without flash, sport, astronomy and super-zoom compact cameras, whose fast shutter speeds it helps. It followed New Centuria 800, whose multi-coated crystal grains Konica developed into the flat hexagonal Super MCC grains of its fast green-sensitive layers, which Konica says absorb about twice the light at about two-thirds the grain volume. Because very fast film fogs under natural background radiation, Konica combined them with its Ultra Consistent Crystal technology, which evens out the grains, to limit that fog. Two newly developed yellow dyes replaced the usual yellow colloidal silver filter layer, avoiding its side effects on fog and green speed. The film was made in 135 only, on a triacetate base, for Konica's CNK-4 process. In January 2006 Konica Minolta announced its withdrawal from the photo business, blaming the shrinking of silver-halide photography under digitisation, and said its colour film production would end by March 2007.
Sources for this history
- Konica Color CENTURIA SUPER 1600 Technical Data Sheet, Konica Corporation
- 常用超高感度カラーネガフィルムの開発 − コニカカラー CENTURIA SUPER 1600 の設計思想と技術 − (KONICA TECHNICAL REPORT Vol. 16, 2003), Konica Corporation
- Konica Minolta Announces Withdrawal Plan for Camera Business and Photo Business, Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc.
The look
Konica Centuria Super 1600 is a daylight colour negative rated ISO 1600, the fastest of Konica's Centuria Super line. Konica designed it to look better and handle more easily than earlier ISO 1600 films, for low light without flash, sport and astronomy. Ashigrain shows it as a scan, with Kodak 2393 as its print pairing.
Best for
- Low-light interiors without flash
- Indoor and night sport
- Night skies and astrophotography
Compare camera films
FilmSpeedGrain, RMS σD · lower means finer grainYears made
CinefotocolorCinefotocolor−7⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 8−7⅔ stops.0191948
Ansco Color Negative 843Ansco Color Negative 843−6⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 16−6⅔ stops.0041951
Gevacolor Negative T 6.51Gevacolor Negative T 6.51−6⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 16−6⅔ stops.0071951
Technicolor Process IITechnicolor Process II−6⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 16−6⅔ stops.0191922
Trucolor (two-colour)Trucolor (two-colour)−6⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 16−6⅔ stops.0191945
ORWOCOLOR UK 14ORWOCOLOR UK 14−6⅓ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 20−6⅓ stops.0111964
Kodak Kodachrome 25Kodak Kodachrome 25−6 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 25−6 stops.0141974
Agfacolor Typ 432Agfacolor Typ 432−5⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 32−5⅔ stops.0071962
Kodak Aerochrome III 1443Kodak Aerochrome III 1443−5⅓ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 40−5⅓ stops.0292001
Kodak Vision3 50DKodak Vision3 50DMade since 2011, in production · −5 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 50−5 stops.0042011–
Fujifilm Velvia 50Fujifilm Velvia 50Made since 2007, in production · −5 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 50−5 stops.0112007–
Agfa Agfacolor Ultra 50Agfa Agfacolor Ultra 50−5 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 50−5 stops.0041995
Agfa Agfachrome RSX II 50Agfa Agfachrome RSX II 50−5 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 50−5 stops.0111998
Konica Impresa 50Konica Impresa 50−5 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 50−5 stops.0051998
Fujifilm Fujichrome 64T Type IIFujifilm Fujichrome 64T Type II−4⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 64−4⅔ stops.0132002
Kodak Kodachrome 64Kodak Kodachrome 64Made 1974–2009 · −4⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 64−4⅔ stops.0161974–2009
ORWOCOLOR NC 3ORWOCOLOR NC 3−4⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 64−4⅔ stops.0071972
Polaroid Type 669Polaroid Type 669−4⅓ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 80−4⅓ stops.0231981
Ilford Ortho PlusIlford Ortho PlusMade since 1997, in production · −4⅓ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 80−4⅓ stops.0131997–
Kodak Ektar 100Kodak Ektar 100Made since 2008, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 100−4 stops.0052008–
Kodak Ektachrome 100DKodak Ektachrome 100DMade since 2018, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0132018–
Lucky Super GBR 100Lucky Super GBR 100−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 100−4 stops.0052001
Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 100Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 100−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 100−4 stops.0052002
Fujifilm Astia 100FFujifilm Astia 100FMade 2003–2012 · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0112003–12
Fujifilm Velvia 100Fujifilm Velvia 100Made since 2003, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0112003–
Kodak Ektachrome E100SKodak Ektachrome E100S−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0151996
Agfa Agfacolor Optima II 100Agfa Agfacolor Optima II 100−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 100−4 stops.0051998
Agfa Agfachrome RSX II 100Agfa Agfachrome RSX II 100−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0111998
Kodak Ektachrome E100VSKodak Ektachrome E100VS−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0171998
Fujifilm Provia 100FFujifilm Provia 100FMade since 2000, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0102000–
Gevacolor 682Gevacolor 682−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 100−4 stops.0061979
Kodak Ektachrome 100 Plus (EPP)Kodak Ektachrome 100 Plus (EPP)−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0181988
Fujifilm FP-100CFujifilm FP-100CMade 1992–2016 · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0221992–2016
Lomography Redscale XR 50-200Lomography Redscale XR 50-200−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 100−4 stops.0052025
Fomapan R 100Fomapan R 100Made since 1980, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0211980–
Kodak T-Max 100Kodak T-Max 100Made since 1986, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0081986–
Ilford Delta 100Ilford Delta 100Made since 1992, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 100−4 stops.0071992–
Agfa Agfapan APX 100Agfa Agfapan APX 100−4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 100−4 stops.0071998
Fomapan 100 ClassicFomapan 100 ClassicMade since 2016, in production · −4 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 100−4 stops.0122016–
Eastman Color Negative 5247Eastman Color Negative 5247−3⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 125−3⅔ stops.0051983
Kodak Technical PanKodak Technical Pan−3⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 125−3⅔ stops.0081977
Kodak Portra 160Kodak Portra 160Made since 2011, in production · −3⅓ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 160−3⅓ stops.0062011–
Agfa Agfacolor Portrait XPS 160Agfa Agfacolor Portrait XPS 160−3⅓ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 160−3⅓ stops.0061995
Kodak Vision3 200TKodak Vision3 200TMade since 2010, in production · −3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 200−3 stops.0062010–
Kodak Verita 200DKodak Verita 200DMade since 2026, in production · −3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 200−3 stops.0062026–
Fujifilm C200Fujifilm C200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 200−3 stops.0052017
Kodak Gold 200Kodak Gold 200Made since 2007, in production · −3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 200−3 stops.0082007–
Lucky Super GBR 200Lucky Super GBR 200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 200−3 stops.0072001
Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 200Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 200−3 stops.0052002
Kodak Ektachrome E200Kodak Ektachrome E200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 200−3 stops.0181997
Agfa Agfachrome RSX II 200Agfa Agfachrome RSX II 200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 200−3 stops.0141998
Kodak Kodachrome 200Kodak Kodachrome 200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 200−3 stops.0271986
Harman Phoenix 200Harman Phoenix 200−3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 200−3 stops.0072023
Kodak Tri-X Reversal 7266Kodak Tri-X Reversal 7266Made since 2003, in production · −3 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 200−3 stops.0242003–
Kodak Vision3 250DKodak Vision3 250DMade since 2009, in production · −2⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 250−2⅔ stops.0062009–
Fujifilm Eterna 250Fujifilm Eterna 250−2⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 250−2⅔ stops.0052006
Fujifilm Eterna 250DFujifilm Eterna 250DMade 2005–2013 · −2⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 250−2⅔ stops.0052005–13
Kodak Vision 250DKodak Vision 250DMade 1997–2005 · −2⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 250−2⅔ stops.0071997–2005
Kodak Aerocolor IV 2460Kodak Aerocolor IV 2460Made since 2009, in production · −2⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 250−2⅔ stops.0132009–
Eastman Double-X 5222Eastman Double-X 5222Made since 1960, in production · −2⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 250−2⅔ stops.0131960–
ORWO Wolfen NC400ORWO Wolfen NC400−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 400−2 stops.0052022
Kodak Portra 400Kodak Portra 400Made since 2010, in production · −2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 400−2 stops.0072010–
ORWO Wolfen NC500ORWO Wolfen NC500−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 400−2 stops.0062022
Fujifilm Provia 400FFujifilm Provia 400F−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 400−2 stops.0172000
Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 400Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 400−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 400−2 stops.0062004
Fujifilm Pro 400HFujifilm Pro 400HMade 2004–2021 · −2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 400−2 stops.0052004–21
Kodak Ektachrome 400XKodak Ektachrome 400X−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 400−2 stops.0371992
Fujifilm Superia X-TRA 400Fujifilm Superia X-TRA 400−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 400−2 stops.0052006
LomoChrome Color '92 Sun-kissedLomoChrome Color '92 Sun-kissed−2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 400−2 stops.0052024
Kodak Tri-X 400Kodak Tri-X 400Made since 1954, in production · −2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 400−2 stops.0171954–
Kodak T-Max 400Kodak T-Max 400Made since 2007, in production · −2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 400−2 stops.0102007–
Ilford HP5 PlusIlford HP5 PlusMade since 1989, in production · −2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 400−2 stops.0161989–
Ilford Delta 400Ilford Delta 400Made since 2002, in production · −2 stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 400−2 stops.0102002–
Kodak Vision3 500TKodak Vision3 500TMade since 2007, in production · −1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 500−1⅔ stops.0072007–
Kodak 500T 5230Kodak 500T 5230−1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 500−1⅔ stops.0092011
Fujifilm Eterna Vivid 500Fujifilm Eterna Vivid 500Made 2009–2013 · −1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 500−1⅔ stops.0052009–13
Kodak Vision2 500TKodak Vision2 500T−1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 500−1⅔ stops.0092009
Fujicolor Reala 500DFujicolor Reala 500D−1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 500−1⅔ stops.0052001
Kodak Vision2 Expression 500TKodak Vision2 Expression 500T−1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 500−1⅔ stops.0092003
Fujifilm Eterna 500Fujifilm Eterna 500Made 2004–2013 · −1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain finerEI 500−1⅔ stops.0052004–13
Anscochrome D/500Anscochrome D/500−1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 500−1⅔ stops.0381967
Eastman EXR 500TEastman EXR 500TMade 1989–1995 · −1⅔ stops vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 500−1⅔ stops.0081989–95
Kodak Portra 800Kodak Portra 800Made since 2000, in production · −1 stop vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 800−1 stop.0092000–
Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 800Ferrania Solaris FG Plus 800−1 stop vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain the sameEI 800−1 stop.0072004
Kodak Vision 800TKodak Vision 800T−1 stop vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 800−1 stop.0101998
Kodak Ektachrome P1600Kodak Ektachrome P1600same speed vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 1600same speed.0501999
Kodak T-Max P3200Kodak T-Max P3200Made since 1988, in production · +1 stop vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 3200+1 stop.0181988–
Ilford Delta 3200Ilford Delta 3200Made since 1998, in production · +1 stop vs Konica Centuria Super 1600 · grain coarserEI 3200+1 stop.0191998–
Science & sources
A daylight-balanced still-photo colour negative rated at ISO 1600, shown as a scan. Its curves, spectral sensitivity and single visual MTF are digitised from Konica's sheet. Its grain is borrowed from Kodak Vision3 500T and its individual dye shapes from Kodak Vision3 250D, because the sheet gives granularity only as one number and publishes no separate dye curves.
Response curves and the evidence behind the model
Compare manufacturer data with Ashigrain’s response on the same axes. These curves show how the model is calibrated to its sources; they do not establish a match to photographed film.
Characteristic response
RMS granularity
Density variation (σD) measured through a 48 µm aperture. Where the datasheet gives a single grain value, the response away from that point is an approximation.
| Channel | Density | Datasheet-based σD | Model σD |
|---|---|---|---|
| R | 0.3 | 0.010041 | 0.009969 |
| G | 0.3 | 0.012748 | 0.012586 |
| B | 0.3 | 0.031041 | 0.030751 |
| R | 0.6 | 0.007181 | 0.00713 |
| G | 0.6 | 0.009142 | 0.009026 |
| B | 0.6 | 0.025893 | 0.025651 |
| R | 1 | 0.006056 | 0.006013 |
| G | 1 | 0.007224 | 0.007132 |
| B | 1 | 0.019626 | 0.019443 |
| R | 1.5 | 0.006246 | 0.006201 |
| G | 1.5 | 0.008262 | 0.008157 |
| B | 1.5 | 0.019766 | 0.019582 |
| R | 2 | 0.005504 | 0.005465 |
| G | 2 | 0.007072 | 0.006982 |
| B | 2 | 0.019699 | 0.019515 |
Model limits
These images show the film model in use. Spectral response, lighting and viewing conditions include approximations. Halation, bloom, grain size, weave and flicker are not fully measured for each film. The look of real film also depends on development and print timing.
- Custom lighting spectra, camera metering and the spectral reflectance inferred from fixed-white-balance footage are assumptions used by the model, not measurements of this film.
- Colour-print timing and scan balance under arbitrary lighting are modelled. Scanner colour balance has no standard physical unit.
- The sheet gives exposure indexes with Wratten 80B and 80A conversion filters but publishes no filter spectra; their transmission is modelled.
- The sheet gives granularity only as RMS 6 through a 48 µm aperture, without a density level. Grain is proxied from Kodak Vision3 500T (5219), so the granularity values shown are that film's.
- Only a midscale neutral and a minimum-density spectrum are printed, not separate cyan, magenta and yellow dye spectra. The individual dye shapes are borrowed from Kodak Vision3 250D (5207), a proxy rather than this film's dyes.
- The source prints one visual MTF curve, not separate red, green and blue curves. The model applies it to all three layers.
- The characteristic chart prints no log-exposure unit; lux-seconds are assumed. The spectral sensitivity is printed as relative log sensitivity with an arbitrary origin.
- The sheet's reciprocity table is recorded but not modelled.
- Individual dye amounts, layer interactions and push/pull behaviour are approximated where the datasheet provides no calibration. Grain size is assumed; published RMS granularity does not specify dye-cloud size.
- Characteristic response outside the published exposure range is an extrapolation, not measured film data.
- Halation strength, radius and layer weights are not quantified by the datasheet. The effect of removing antihalation and the bloom response are also approximations.
- The default output is a scan. Scan balance has no standard unit and is modelled.
- The printer lamp and filter spectra and the Status A grey aim used in this preview are approximated; the source does not publish the required spectral or laboratory aim data.
Reciprocity: modelled from 1/10000 s to 10 s, following the datasheet's corrections for long and short exposures. Exposure time stops at the ends of that range.
Film guide: assumptions and practical choices
Sources
- Exposure index: Konica Color CENTURIA SUPER 1600 technical data sheet, PDF created 2002-04-15, p. 1
- Diffuse RMS granularity: Konica Color CENTURIA SUPER 1600 technical data sheet, PDF created 2002-04-15, p. 2
- Characteristic curves: Konica Color CENTURIA SUPER 1600 technical data sheet, PDF created 2002-04-15, p. 3
- Process: Konica Color CENTURIA SUPER 1600 technical data sheet, PDF created 2002-04-15, p. 3